Ways pomegranate protects against spike.

Includes chimeric spike gene sequences involved in fusion entry of cells, and Ehden Biber’s latest post with FOIA information from Pfizer including the Omicron BA.1 (“Riltozinameran”) genetic sequence.

Hard to understand info for non-geneticists from Ehden – thanks for sharing maybe some geneticists will translate for us: The Sequence; We now have Pfizer’s Omicron BA.1 (“Riltozinameran”) genetic sequence, alongside other important information, thanks to a FOI request to the UK’s regulatory body, the MHRA. – by Ehden Biber – Sense of Awareness (substack.com)

I had just added a gene sequence image to something I had written, and was searching posts and not finding it (and getting frustrated ;-) when I remembered where it was – Gp41 in SARS-CoV-2 spike, so here we are back with the delicious and royal fruit.

Pomegranate is so awesome it can take on a multi-fanged genetic chimera:

1) Blocks entry at the ACE2 receptors and preserves ACE2 function.

Pomegranate peel extract blocks entry at the ACE2 receptor which also helps protect the function of ACE2 receptors, and pomegranate extract also inhibited “the activity of the virus 3CL protease.” (Tito, et al, 2020) Lung edema and other symptoms of severe Covid19 are also symptoms of lack of ACE2 function. As the infection spreads to cells with ACE2, the spike blocked receptor is dysfunctional. The juice/fruit likely helps but the peel is more potent, more concentrated in phytonutrients and has additional hydrolyzable tannins.

2) Inhibits NET formation, and inflammasome creation.

Inhibits NET formation (Kirchner, et al, 2013) which would promote inflammasome production – which kills good cells when it is an over-reaction. The SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein, the E protein section, causes activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome creation, and the resulting increase in inflammation can also signal further creation of them. (Wong and Saier, 2021) An allergy like sensitization seems to occur. Macrophages from people who had been sick with COVID-19 reacted to exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and inflammasome production occurred. Cells from people who had not been pre-exposed to SARS-CoV-2 did not react to cause inflammasome creation. (Theobald, et al, 2021)

3) Inhibits fusion of HIV-1 and entry into cells by membrane fusion. It may do the same for SARS-CoV-2.

*I am not sure if “HIV-1 entry inhibitor” is the same as fusion inhibitor for preventing the splitting of S1 from the S2 portion of spike. (Neurath, et al, 2004)

  • Punica granatum (Pomegranate) juice provides an HIV-1 entry inhibitor and candidate topical microbicide.” (Neurath, et al, 2004)

If it is, pomegranate phytonutrients could inhibit the fusion cleavage site from opening and freeing the S1 subunit which then can block nAChR function and has prion like domains and a galectin-3 like sequence. So, preventing S1 release would protect cholinergic function, reduce misfolded protein risks, and reduce risk of galectin-3 over-stimulating excess angiogenesis (blood vessel formation or doubling/splitting).

It was noted by (Wu Zhang and Leng Yap, 2004) that HIV-1 gp41 and SARS-CoV(1) S2 proteins are similar in structure. The gp41 protein helps HIV-1 fuse directly with cells in order to infect them, (Chen, 2019), which SARS-CoV-2 can also do. The S2 portion of spike forms a wedge like shape and directly invades a cell’s bilipid membrane layer for the purpose of membrane-to-membrane fusion with the viral particle. The sequence “GB1” is discussed and a Spike SARS-CoV-2 Fusion peptide, see Fig. S1. (Koppisetti, Fulcher, Van Doren, 2021) If pomegranate can prevent HIV-1 membrane fusion than maybe it is preventing separation of the S1 from the S2 subunit – more research is needed.

Fig. S1. (Koppisetti, Fulcher, Van Doren, 2021)

Background info by (Wu Zhang and Leng Yap, 2004) on the roles of the two parts of a coronavirus species’ spike protein – S1 (“cellular reception recognition”) and S2 (fusion of the viral and host cell membranes for entry):

“Coronavirus spike protein plays a very important role in virus entry, virus–receptor interaction, variations in host range and tissue tropism. The S proteins of majority of coronaviruses are cleaved into two functional subunits, S1 and S2. Liu et al. [1] indicated that the S protein of SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) also forms S1 and S2 domains. The peripheral S1 portion is responsible for cellular receptor recognition, while the membrane-spanning S2 portion mediates the fusion of viral and cellular membrane, hence S protein determines the specificity of host and virulence of coronavirus [2]. Similarly, there are two non-valently associated subunits in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein, gp120 and gp41, gp120 directs target-cell recognition and viral tropism through interaction with the cell-surface receptor CD4, while the membrane-spanning gp41 promotes fusion of the viral and cellular membranes so that viral contents are released into the host cell [3].” (Wu Zhang and Leng Yap, 2004)

The chimeric S1 subunit can be free and effect receptors elsewhere in the body or be released in exosomes in exhaled breath or sweat, and body fluids. It has the snake venom toxin-like nAChR cholinergic blocking effect and has a galectin-3 look alike sequence. Preventing S1 separation would reduce harm.

4) Acts as a modulator for inflammation & immune function,, promoting or inhibiting as needed for the situation.

Acts as a modulator and can increase Nitric oxide production if low or reduce Nitric oxide production if it excessive. Modulatory benefits for oxidative stress – pomegranate peel can help increase Nitric oxide by promoting eNOS (Delgado, et al, 2017), (de Nigris, et al, 2007a), (Wang D, et al, 2018), or reduce excess by promoting iNOS. (Kandeil, et al, 2019)

5) Protects against misfolded protein conditions.

Protects against misfolded protein conditions – the delphinidin (Noda, et al, 2002) and other anthocyanidins (Masci, et al, 2016), (Qu, et al, 2015) that give pomegranate its purple red hue, may help stabilize proteins as allosteric modulators and many phytonutrients or nutrients can act on receptors as agonists or reverse agonist (less often). (Silva, et al, 2019)

6) Promotes Nrf2 which helps promote DNA damage repair, glutathione production, and immune function.

Promotes Nrf2 which helps promote glutathione production, immune function, and DNA damage repair and inhibits inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 (Karwasra, et al, 2019) and NFkB. (Rasheed, et al, 2009). Nrf2 and pomegranate peel inhibit mast cell degranulation which would reduce inflammation, cytokines, and histamine. (Parisio, et al, 2020) Antihistamines tend to help in CoV treatment. Nrf2 inhibits mast cell degranulation by promoting SIRT4. (Hu B et al, 2020)

7) Contains potent antioxidants in addition to promoting Nrf2 and our own glutathione production.

Pomegranate peel contains potent antioxidants and diuretics (the tannins/EGCG/catechins) which help with detox – have several servings earlier in the day if ill and drink plenty of water, or once a day as a preventive.

The fruit juice and seeds provide some of the benefits for reducing inflammation and protecting the brain, but the peel contains more of the phytonutrients with potent antiviral and antioxidant function. Antioxidant power so strong, pomegranate peel extract can be used as an anti-corrosive for steel. (Rashid, et al, 2017) Too much is a pro-oxidant, use in moderate amounts. The diuretic effect is a clue when you may be getting too much, or just a good amount if puffiness is a problem.

8) Protects against liver, kidney, and brain damage risks from hyperinflammation.

Protects against liver, kidney, (Middha, et al, 2013) and brain damage risks from (spike) hyperinflammation. (Ahmed, et al, 2014) (Morzelle, et al, 2016) With a healthy microbiome, metabolites urolithin A and B can cross the blood brain barrier and reduce neuroinflammation. (Kujawska, et al, 2019) EGCG helps promote new growth of hippocampal cells. (Itika, et al, 2020) Urolithin A may be helpful against aging, metabolic dysfunction, IBD, and neurodegenerative disorders by promoting mitophagy and removal of defective mitochondria leading to improved health of mitochondria. (Singh, et al, 2022)

Species that help produce urolithin A and B may include Firmicutes, Clostridiales and Ruminococcaceae family and Akkermansia muciniphlia. Having more Bacteroides in ratio to Firmicutes was associated with non-production of urolithin A in response to 8 oz of pomegranate juice. A 500 mg supplement product, MitoPure, led to much greater increases in plasma levels of urolithin than the juice, in a crossover self-controlled clinical study. (Singh, et al, 2022)

Firmicutes are the main butyrate producing species, Ruminococcaceae also produce it, and Akkermansia muciniphlia produce other short-chain fatty acids. They are anaerobes fermenting undigested starches within the colon and the short chain fatty acids help feed the colon cells. (Parada Venegas, et al, 2019) *Probiotics provide species that populate the small intestines. We need to eat adequate resistant starches and zinc to support the anaerobe of the colon.

9) Improves gut health, membrane and cardiovascular health and promotes a beneficial microbiome balance of butyrate producing species.

Improves gut health, (Zhang, et al, 2017) membrane health, and cardiovascular health. (Wang et al, 2018)  (Sadeghipour, et al, 2014) (Salwe, et al, 2015) . (Yang, et al, 2018) (Asgary, et al, 2017). Improved endothelial function in the placenta for a diabetic pregnancy animal model, eNOS -/- knockout mice and wild-type were used. (El-Sayyad, et al, 2019)

  • Tip – think of skin health, gut health and blood vessel/cardiovascular health as all connected – similar tissue, slightly different issues.

Promotes balance between Firmicutes and Bacteroides species, butyrate producing microbial species in the gut. Excess Firmicutes is associated with obesity and excess Bacteroides with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pomegranate led to a decrease in Firmicutes in an animal-based study about a gut pathogen. (George, et al, 2019)

  • “These results suggest that consumption of pomegranate polyphenols altered the microbiome, making it more resistant to displacement by infection with Cr, indicating that pomegranate polyphenols may mitigate the pathogenic effects of food‐borne bacterial pathogens.” (George, et al, 2019)

When we protect our gut, we are also protecting our brain, because they are connected via the large vagus nerve. It can act as a superhighway and allow chemicals to enter the brain from the gut or enter the gut from the brain. Parkinson’s Disease seems to involve this connection. Pomegranate peel extract helped a brain inflammation condition by modulation of the species in the gut. (Lu, et al, 2020)

  • “Pomegranate peel extract ameliorates the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via modulation of gut microbiota.” (Lu XY, et al, 2020)

Promotes the microbiome. Sepsis – did not help in one animal model. Pretreatment for a month with pomegranate may have increased gut microbiome leaving the animals at increased risk of sepsis effects when surgery was performed.  (Tavasoli, et al, 2014)

Pomegranate in a market. Photo by Jonas Renner on Unsplash.

Summary: The juice/fruit provide many of these benefits but not all, the peel is more potent in the anti-viral & other benefits.

  1. Pomegranate peel extract blocks entry at the ACE2 receptors and preserves ACE2 function.
  2. Inhibits NET formation which leads to (killer) inflammasome creation.
  3. Inhibits fusion of HIV-1 and entry into cells by membrane fusion. It may do the same for SARS-CoV-2.
  4. Acts as a modulator for inflammation and immune function, promoting or inhibiting as needed for the situation – restoring balance.
  5. Protects against misfolded protein conditions (prions).
  6. Promotes Nrf2 which helps promote DNA damage repair, glutathione production, and immune function.
  7. Pomegranate contains potent antioxidants in addition to promoting Nrf2 and our own glutathione production.
  8. Protects against liver, kidney, and brain damage risks from hyperinflammation.
  9. Improves gut health, membrane and cardiovascular health; and promotes a beneficial microbiome balance of butyrate producing species.
  10. The juice/fruit provide many of these benefits but not all, the peel is more potent in the anti-viral benefits.

Ellagic acid/EGCG alternatives:

If pomegranate/peel is not available to you, then sumac/Zataar contains similar phytonutrients and so do Goji berries, and red raspberries a smaller amount and maybe black raspberries too: “The seeds of raspberries contained 87.8% of the ellagic acid,” (Daniel, et al, 1989), strawberries had more in the pulp than the seeds. Green tea also contains some of the catechin benefits ~ 3 cups per day provides about 200 mg of EGCG which is a typical amount found in supplements of EGCG. If gut issues are also an issue though, green tea may cause discomfort due to the oxalate content.

We should listen to Geert Vanden Bossche, PhD, DVM:

  • Geert says we need to treat everyone prophylactically to stop breakthrough infections & slow the mutation rate. (substack.com) a post on my SubCtack links to his audio/post.

Early treatment works – we need to prophylactically treat everyone with the basic Z-Stack or preferred equivalent. Preventively taking supplements means you are treating somewhat at the first exposure. Then if signs of a cold occur, increase the vitamin C and anti-viral/iron chelators like quercetin, pomegranate peel product/tea and/or black seed oil.

I also include intranasal rinse or spray, and negative ionizers for air quality control in addition. Stop the exposure in the nose where the body has IgA antibodies that react against any coronavirus. Once the RNA species reach the lung, they have mutated somewhat and are harder for the body to fight.

Negative ionizers are something that should be in public places.

Anyone in power over a facility – please see what you can do to add it. CoV spike is positively charged and will clump and fall from the air. Sweep and mop more often. Part of the risk is the air above big crowds – think of it as a circulating swamp of everyone’s mutation variants, which then all can rapidly mingle and the whole swarm can quantumly it seems, all mutate to a new (worse) variant and make the whole crowd sick. Karl Sirotkin, PhD’s work.

  • Golden Silkworms in Pandora’s Box – by Harvard2TheBigHouse (substack.com)

Pomegranate peel and fruit is an “antidote” for many diabolical features of the patented computer-generated sequence that is causing harm. It happens to be pomegranate season in the Northern Hemisphere. Are we collectively going to start using the fruit and peel for its full benefits? Or continue waiting for a rich person to suggest it? Or wait for Tedros and the WHO to use a little money to research pomegranate peel extract against SARS-CoV-2?

If you want medical doctor/researcher recommendations about the benefits of pomegranate, read this open access peer-reviewed book: Pomegranate, (IntechOpen), 2021. In a chapter on the antimicrobial benefits, Celiksoy and Heard did a phenomenal job creating extensive Tables of research trials showing antimicrobial potential of pomegranate peel extract or whole fruit extract. The Tables include which species were targeted using pomegranate extract of what dose, standardized to 13% ellagic acid, or other extraction method details are listed. (Celiksoy and Heard, 2021) It is just one Chapter in an open access peer-reviewed (long) book: Pomegranate, (IntechOpen), 2021.

Pomegranate and early treatment can work – if you use it.

It can’t work if you don’t use it.

Disclaimer: This information is provided for educational purposes within the guidelines of fair use. While I am a Registered Dietitian this information is not intended to provide individual health guidance. Please see a health professional for individual health care purposes.

Vak Spike vs Viral Spike and Exosomes

#EarlyTreatmentWorks – prevention regularly is best bet as early means first 3-5-7 days of first symptoms ~a cold, not let it get a week later & you went to work throughout. Increasing dosing frequency rather than megadosing at once->24/7 protection ~ 3-4 x~8 hrs or 6 hrs apart

Basic treatment info and dosing guidance here: Short List Dosing Details ranges with selfcare guidance. Also on jenniferdepew.com, page Nutrients and page Cofactors.

Questions I was asked: How Bad Is The Sp!ke? – (@_nikolakii_)

How bad is the actual virus vs how bad is the vaccine?

  1. The actual virus is not that bad except for the chimeric spike added to it. Those who get infected and are unvaccinated without comorbidities have an approximately 99 percent recovery rate. 
    • However the lingering LongCovid rate is more significant and frequently disabling. People have had difficulty getting help or answers.
    • Autoimmune antibodies against receptors that spike was lodged in may have been formed leading to self destruction of whatever protein or receptor type it was when antibodies against it were created by the person’s immune cells.
    • Allergy like or other excess histamine symptoms might result from overactive mast cells. Over production of retinoic acid, the active form of vitamin A, might also lead to symptoms of mast cell overactivity. The dietary solutions can help a lot but are big changes – avoid all vitamin A foods and rich carotenoid sources of fruits and vegetables – seriously, but can help prevent long term liver and kidney damage and neurologic symptoms. Histamine producing or containing foods also need to be avoided, again, it can help a lot though.
    • Fatigue from anemia of chronic inflammation is likely, and elevated ferritin levels with fairly normal to low hemoglobin level might be lab results. Iron chelator herbs can help fairly quickly, then continue. Artemisinin is the one I used, am and pm for a few months and then once a day for a year or more.
      1. Now I have been using Wormwood in tea with some better tasting medicinal herbs & (small piece or a couple) pomegranate and (can be several larger pieces, is mild and fruity) mango peel. Sweet Wormwood is less bitter and no thujone which can be a seizure risk if too much is consumed. I add thyme to balance the GABA effects from the Wormwood/thujone, fennel seed adds flavor, and dandelion leaf & root for anti-prion help.
    • Nerve tingling or pain in fingers and toes or pain, turning to reddening and swollen is a hypoxia of the tissue problem. Gentle exercise helps keep circulation going.
      1. Epsom salt soaks help with a well absorbed form of magnesium and sulfate, both beneficial for cardiovascular and tissue health.
      2. An imbalance of cannabinoids is present due to the inflammation, so CBD alone would make the imbalance worse. THC products would help provide the type that is needed, and it helps reduce the hypoxia.
      3. Thiamine, B1, is also needed in amounts greater than available in food when there is inflammation and it can help hypoxia at the higher doses, 300 mg or more, seek guidance for larger amounts. Other Bs should also be taken in to provide balance – Bs are a team, work together within the mitochondria and in other functions. Niacin and other info in this: Spike Summary Spreadsheet, Telomerase, Circadian Cycle and Nrf2, (and niacin, also a link at the end to a post focused on niacin & melatonin).
      4. Malnutrition in general is a risk factor for demyelination nerve damaging conditions. Low CoQ10 is also a risk factor. G12. Demyelination.
  2. The vaccines are worse in a variety of ways with the most basic being that the spike used in all the brands of injections was modified, supposedly to be better, but it has worse health effects as it is on the surface of the human cells – it would not be there in an infection, only on the virus, or within a cell being formed to make virus with. Virus hijack the cell machinery for replication of it instead of normal functions. See last post: Adaptive Immunity, ADE, and Antibodies.
    1. The modified spike is a worse nicotinic acetyl choline receptor blocker – the gene sequence has a section like snake venom toxin which causes paralytic effects by inhibiting cholinergic messaging (acetylcholine is a brain neurotransmitter it also activates choline receptors). Blocking nAChR receptors – would lead to the hearing and vision problems, excessive menstrual bleeding, colitis, miscarriage, myocarditis. The cholinergic blocking #nAChRs can cause sperm motility issues and the excessive menstrual symptoms may indicate risk of female infertility/early menopause.
      • Nicotine activates function and would protect-block- the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors from spike protein. Choline might work too, but for me, I needed nicotine to resolve my colitis-like symptoms.
    2. Exhaled breathe or sweat from vaccinated people may contain free S1 subunit of spike proteins and can spread passively to non-vaccinated people. Exosomes, membrane packets with spike on the surface, may also carry the genetic directions within.
      • Exosomes are similar to pheromones and act as messengers within the body from one part to another but also can be exuded to share with the outer world too. There has to be a matching surface marker for another person’s cells to accept the exosome or pheromone, or on a cell within a person if it was acting as a messenger between different areas of the body.
    3. The spike affects ACE2 in a way that leads to pneumonia-like edema of lung tissue
      • Citrus peel or pomegranate peel can help. The Citrus Peel is more effective for clearing congestion and opening airways. The Pomegranate peel helps protect ACE2 receptors. G13. Pomegranate. G14. Citrus Peel.
    4. The vaccines increases the risk of fungal infections, other viral infections or flare up of Herpes or shingles, and cancer risk.
      • Dectin-1 receptors protect against fungal infections and spike blocks them, eating mushrooms or Nutritional Yeast Flakes would activate them instead, lodging and protecting them from being available to spike protein. *this is spike specific and to prevent fungal infections, rather than being a standard treatment for fungal infections – which might include a recommendation to avoid eating mushrooms.
      • CD8+ T killer cells are reduced in number and lymphocyte count might be low on a lab test. CD8 cells help fight virus and cancer cells.
    5. Cancer risk is also increased by inhibition of the Toll Like Receptors. (2)
      • Magnesium and methyl donor B vitamins, Nrf2 promoting phytonutrients, pomegranate and citrus peel, and most of the other things mentioned, also would be protective against cancer risks.
      • Reducing sugar and total carbohydrates helps Covid infection or cancer risk.
      • Reducing glutamate seasonings would also reduce cancer risk. Those are also usually histamine problem foods – may need to kick them out of the diet anyway – headaches may be a symptom if that is a problem.
    6. The vaccines contain prion like sections, so misfolding protein conditions may be a risk Parkinson’s disease ( clumps called Lewy Bodies, 1), Alzheimer’s & CJD/Mad Cow Disease.
      • Delphinidin (black beans, black sesame seeds or rice, Blue Lotus or Blue Butterfly Pea flowers) and pomegranate peel, dandelion leaf or root and/or pine needle tea may reduce this risk.
      • Avoiding organophosphate pesticide and glyphosate herbicide residue may also help reduce risk.
    7. The jab increases toxicity of bacteria endotoxin LPS & SEB. Spike has a SEB like endotoxin sequence. Both endotoxins increase inflammation.
    8. Rapid aging –  damage repair of DNA is inhibited, affecting immune cell differentiation in addition to increased risk for cancer and mitochondrial disorders such as Parkinson’s Disease.
      • Methyl donor B vitamins, folate and hydroxy or methyl B12 and choline may help.
      • Nrf2 promoting foods and phytonutrients may help. (G10. Nrf2 Promoting Foods)
    9. Inflammation is increased in many ways by the spike destruction of tissue, changes to receptor function, the bacterial endotoxin SEB and LPS from negative species of the microbiome. 
      • Nrf2 promotors would help reduce inflammation; vitamin C and alpha lipoic acid, other mitochondria support and high dose niacin/melatonin protocol could also.
    10. SARS-CoV-2 can infect bacteria, so again, a healthy microbiome is critical in a number of ways. Beneficial, zinc fed, species also help colon health and reduce infection risk with butyrate production. Butyrate can activate the niacin receptor and can also help reduce inflammation and increase removal of cellular crud, like free spike protein, by white blood cells with endolysomes, see earlier link for an image. Spike Summary Spreadsheet, Telomerase, Circadian Cycle and Nrf2
      • Vegetables and high fiber grains, beans, nuts, seeds, can help the microbiome flourish along with zinc and iron – though avoiding iron rich foods is helpful for other inflammatory issues mentioned in the first section in the discussion of LongCovid.
    11. TRP channel disruption – at the ankyrin repeat domains.
      •  Risk to hair cells in hearing and the vestibular system (sense of balance and steady tracking of vision – following the bird in the sky).
      • Epsom salt soaks, for a well absorbed topical source is needed as TRP channels in the GI tract are needed to absorb magnesium ions and spike disrupts them.
    12. Others – this document has an earlier version and other sections, including one on exosomes topic, references for that are included: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tnhDPY59_NXG5dcCHVsIicgR5W_hDCSoJ9j9QIlwtrY/edit?usp=sharing 

The increased risk of autoimmune antibodies forming against receptors the spike is lodged in on the cells means that there can be a life long autoimmune attack on those receptors afterwards. If anti-phospholipid antibodies formed, then the person’s own immune cells would be led to attack and remove endocannabinoids, – phospholipid molecules. And symptoms of the numb fingers and toes may involve endocannabinoid disruption during LongCovid. See: Cannabinoids & blood vessels – and LongCovid. Anti-phospholipid antibodies could by breaking down even more endocannabinoids than the inflammation had caused.

See Membranes & Inflammation for more about tissue damage in inflammation and what may help.

Boosters every 3-six months may keep the person in an autoimmune-like flair up all of the time practically as the vaccine spike is formed on human cells, so immune cells may be attacking the person’s own cells and causing massive dysfunction and tissue damage which might be seen as skin rash or bruising. See the last post: Adaptive Immunity, ADE, and Antibodies.

More treatment info and dosing guidance here: Short List Dosing Details ranges with selfcare guidance. Also on jenniferdepew.com, page Nutrients and page Cofactors.

Disclaimer: Opinions are my own and the information is provided for educational purposes within the guidelines of fair use. While I am a Registered Dietitian this information is not intended to provide individual health guidance. Please see a health professional for individual health care purposes.

Reference List

  1. Tracking the spread of Parkinson’s proteins from gut to brain. July 23, 2019, nih.gov, https://www.nih.gov/news-events/nih-research-matters/tracking-spread-parkinsons-proteins-gut-brain
  2. Manik, M, Singh, RK. Role of toll-like receptors in modulation of cytokine storm signaling in SARS-CoV-2-induced COVID-19. J Med Virol. 2021; 1- 9. doi:10.1002/jmv.27405 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jmv.27405

Reference list needs a little help. – this has quite a bit of background info and reference list: Spike protein risks & aids – summary page

https://ijvtpr.com/index.php/IJVTPR/article/view/23